RARE DISEASE
Cavitary myiasis
Cavitary myiasis
Cavitary myiasis
Drug discovery
9
papers
On emerging therapies
Overview
Cavitary myiasis is a parasitic infestation caused by dipteran fly larvae invading natural body cavities (e.g., nasal, oral, urogenital) or internal organs, leading to tissue damage, necrosis, and secondary infections. Common pathogens include Cochliomyia hominivorax and Dermatobia hominis. Symptoms include foreign-body sensation, pain, hemorrhage, and malodor, with severe cases causing systemic complications (e.g., sepsis, respiratory failure). Diagnosis is clinical, supported by larval identification [1][6][12].
Categories: rare infectious diseases
Research Papers
9 drug discovery papers about Cavitary myiasis. Recent publications:
9 drug discovery papers about Cavitary myiasis. Recent publications:
categories:
Small molecules
small molecules
2022-12-01 | Myiasis in a Neglected Elderly: Urgent Action Needed in South America
Myiasis is an infestation by fly larvae. Some species exclusively affect humans, contaminating wounds, mucous membranes, and other tissues. It is a disease with marked socioeconomic connotations.The current case involves a 95-year-old woman, an inhabitant of the Andean region of Ecuador with a history of resection of basal cell carcinoma in the left zygomatic region and a diagnosis of chronic leukemia. The surgical wound was secondarily infested with Cochliomyia hominivorax fly larvae and the patient was readmitted to the hospital to treat this complication. A marked clinical improvement was observed after surgical debridement, removal of larvae and administration of ivermectin and antibiotics.The determinants of this infestation were advanced age, neglect, and destitution in a patient with an open wound on the face after resection of a basal cell carcinoma. This case illustrates the appalling reality of the marginalized and excluded population of South America. Also of concern is the expansion of myiasis-producing fly populations to areas outside their natural humid and warm habitat. South American governments are called upon to act jointly and effectively against this ominous disease.
2022-08-31 | Primary Oral Myiasis of Anterior Maxilla in An Intellectually Disabled Female – A Case Report
“Myiasis” is a term used to represent invasion caused by fly larvae that affect organs and tissues of human beings and feeds on the host tissue. It is a rare and non-specific pathology that varies according to the species of fly larvae and the area of the body involved. Various factors like extraction wounds, uncontrolled diabetes, necrotic tissues, alcohol addiction, poor oral hygiene, immunocompromised conditions and people with special care needs like debilitated or mentally challenged individuals predispose to develop myiasis. We hereby report a case of oral myiasis of the maxillary anterior region of the palate and labial mucosa, in a 16-year-old female patient with special care needs who for her daily activities is dependent. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of pulsating larvae in the lesion and was managed by conservative suffocation therapy involving the turpentine oil topical application followed by the mechanical removal of larvae along with surgical debridement and post-operative antibiotics.
2010-10-01 | Larvicidal efficacy of nitenpyram on the treatment of myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in dogs
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of nitenpyram for the treatment of screwworm myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax in naturally infested dogs. Seven Beagle dogs presenting with myiasis were treated with nitenpyram twice at an interval of 6 h. The animals received dosages between 1.43 and 4.42 mg/kg body weight of nitenpyram in each given treatment. The criteria used to determine the drug efficacy were larval expulsion and fall. These were quantified at 15 min intervals within the first hour followed by 2, 3, 4, 6, and 18 h post-treatment. The highest larval expulsion happened between 1 and 2 h post-treatment. The spontaneous larval expulsion percentages were 86% and 94.11% for 6 and 18 h after the first treatment, respectively. Larvae were expelled until 18 h post-treatment. After this period the remaining dead larvae were mechanically removed. Nitenpyram showed 100% efficacy on the treatment of myiasis by C. hominivorax in naturally infested dogs.
2003-11-12 | Re: Treatment of oral myiasis with ivermectin
Sir,The short communication ‘Oral myiasis by screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax’, by Professor Dr Gomez et al., 1. Gomez R.S. Perdigão P.F. Pimenta F.J.G.S. et al. Oral myiasis by screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax. Br. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg. 2003; 41 (Doi: 10.1016/S0266-4356): 115-116 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar demonstrates a condition that is more common than suggested in the medical literature for it is not an unusual diagnosis in the tropics … The authors advised the manual removal of the larvae, with or without sulfuric ether. 2. Bhatt A.P. Jayakrishnan A. Oral myiasis: a case report. Int. J. Paediatr. Dent. 2000; 10: 67-70 Crossref PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar , 3. Baliga M.J. Davis P. Rai P. et al. Orbital myiasis: a case report. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2001; 30 (Doi: 10.1054/ijoms.2000.0007): 83-84 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar Although widely accepted this treatment is painful, and unpleasant for both the patient and doctor alike. Since 2001 we have successfully treated this condition with oral ivermectin (200 μg/kg, using 6 mg for each 30 kg) repeated if necessary after 24 hours. The drug is widely used in veterinary medicine and is effective in humans for the treatment of filaria, scabies and strongyloidosis. 4. Chippaux J.P. Bouchité M. Boussinesq M. et al. Impact of repeated large scale ivermectin treatments on the transmission of loa-loa. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1998; 92: 454-455 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar It has been recently described for the treatment of oral myiasis and we believe that it was Professor Dr Duque et al.5. Duque S.F.L. Valderrama H.R. Gonzalez R.J. Treatment of oral myiasis with ivermectine: report of three cases caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax. Rev. Fac. Odontol. Univ. Ant. 1998; 10 ([in Spanish]): 41-47 Google Scholar in 1998 who first reported the use of this drug in the dental literature. This medication is also used in otolaryngology for the treatment of cavitary miyasis. 6. Ribeiro F.A.Q. Pereira C.S.B. Alves A. et al. Treatment of human cavitary myiasis with oral ivermectin. Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol. 2001; 67 ([in Portuguese]): 755-761 Crossref Google Scholar Yours sincerely
small molecules
2022-12-01 | Myiasis in a Neglected Elderly: Urgent Action Needed in South America
Myiasis is an infestation by fly larvae. Some species exclusively affect humans, contaminating wounds, mucous membranes, and other tissues. It is a disease with marked socioeconomic connotations.The current case involves a 95-year-old woman, an inhabitant of the Andean region of Ecuador with a history of resection of basal cell carcinoma in the left zygomatic region and a diagnosis of chronic leukemia. The surgical wound was secondarily infested with Cochliomyia hominivorax fly larvae and the patient was readmitted to the hospital to treat this complication. A marked clinical improvement was observed after surgical debridement, removal of larvae and administration of ivermectin and antibiotics.The determinants of this infestation were advanced age, neglect, and destitution in a patient with an open wound on the face after resection of a basal cell carcinoma. This case illustrates the appalling reality of the marginalized and excluded population of South America. Also of concern is the expansion of myiasis-producing fly populations to areas outside their natural humid and warm habitat. South American governments are called upon to act jointly and effectively against this ominous disease.
2022-08-31 | Primary Oral Myiasis of Anterior Maxilla in An Intellectually Disabled Female – A Case Report
“Myiasis” is a term used to represent invasion caused by fly larvae that affect organs and tissues of human beings and feeds on the host tissue. It is a rare and non-specific pathology that varies according to the species of fly larvae and the area of the body involved. Various factors like extraction wounds, uncontrolled diabetes, necrotic tissues, alcohol addiction, poor oral hygiene, immunocompromised conditions and people with special care needs like debilitated or mentally challenged individuals predispose to develop myiasis. We hereby report a case of oral myiasis of the maxillary anterior region of the palate and labial mucosa, in a 16-year-old female patient with special care needs who for her daily activities is dependent. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of pulsating larvae in the lesion and was managed by conservative suffocation therapy involving the turpentine oil topical application followed by the mechanical removal of larvae along with surgical debridement and post-operative antibiotics.
2010-10-01 | Larvicidal efficacy of nitenpyram on the treatment of myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in dogs
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the larvicidal efficacy of nitenpyram for the treatment of screwworm myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax in naturally infested dogs. Seven Beagle dogs presenting with myiasis were treated with nitenpyram twice at an interval of 6 h. The animals received dosages between 1.43 and 4.42 mg/kg body weight of nitenpyram in each given treatment. The criteria used to determine the drug efficacy were larval expulsion and fall. These were quantified at 15 min intervals within the first hour followed by 2, 3, 4, 6, and 18 h post-treatment. The highest larval expulsion happened between 1 and 2 h post-treatment. The spontaneous larval expulsion percentages were 86% and 94.11% for 6 and 18 h after the first treatment, respectively. Larvae were expelled until 18 h post-treatment. After this period the remaining dead larvae were mechanically removed. Nitenpyram showed 100% efficacy on the treatment of myiasis by C. hominivorax in naturally infested dogs.
2003-11-12 | Re: Treatment of oral myiasis with ivermectin
Sir,The short communication ‘Oral myiasis by screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax’, by Professor Dr Gomez et al., 1. Gomez R.S. Perdigão P.F. Pimenta F.J.G.S. et al. Oral myiasis by screwworm Cochliomyia hominivorax. Br. J. Oral. Maxillofac. Surg. 2003; 41 (Doi: 10.1016/S0266-4356): 115-116 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar demonstrates a condition that is more common than suggested in the medical literature for it is not an unusual diagnosis in the tropics … The authors advised the manual removal of the larvae, with or without sulfuric ether. 2. Bhatt A.P. Jayakrishnan A. Oral myiasis: a case report. Int. J. Paediatr. Dent. 2000; 10: 67-70 Crossref PubMed Scopus (51) Google Scholar , 3. Baliga M.J. Davis P. Rai P. et al. Orbital myiasis: a case report. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2001; 30 (Doi: 10.1054/ijoms.2000.0007): 83-84 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (33) Google Scholar Although widely accepted this treatment is painful, and unpleasant for both the patient and doctor alike. Since 2001 we have successfully treated this condition with oral ivermectin (200 μg/kg, using 6 mg for each 30 kg) repeated if necessary after 24 hours. The drug is widely used in veterinary medicine and is effective in humans for the treatment of filaria, scabies and strongyloidosis. 4. Chippaux J.P. Bouchité M. Boussinesq M. et al. Impact of repeated large scale ivermectin treatments on the transmission of loa-loa. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1998; 92: 454-455 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (20) Google Scholar It has been recently described for the treatment of oral myiasis and we believe that it was Professor Dr Duque et al.5. Duque S.F.L. Valderrama H.R. Gonzalez R.J. Treatment of oral myiasis with ivermectine: report of three cases caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax. Rev. Fac. Odontol. Univ. Ant. 1998; 10 ([in Spanish]): 41-47 Google Scholar in 1998 who first reported the use of this drug in the dental literature. This medication is also used in otolaryngology for the treatment of cavitary miyasis. 6. Ribeiro F.A.Q. Pereira C.S.B. Alves A. et al. Treatment of human cavitary myiasis with oral ivermectin. Rev. Bras. Otorrinolaringol. 2001; 67 ([in Portuguese]): 755-761 Crossref Google Scholar Yours sincerely
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