RARE DISEASE
Benign infantile seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis
Benign infantile seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis
Benign infantile seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis
Drug discovery
12
papers
On emerging therapies
Overview
Benign Infantile Seizures Associated with Mild Gastroenteritis (BISwG) are afebrile, self-limited seizures occurring in previously healthy infants and young children (1 month–6 years) during mild viral gastroenteritis, typically caused by rotavirus or norovirus. Seizures are brief, clustered, and generalized or focal-tonic-clonic, resolving within 24 hours without long-term epilepsy or neurodevelopmental deficits [1][2][4][7].
Categories: rare neurological diseases
Research Papers
12 drug discovery papers about Benign infantile seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis. Recent publications:
12 drug discovery papers about Benign infantile seizures associated with mild gastroenteritis. Recent publications:
categories:
Small molecules
small molecules
2023-07-11 | Clinical characteristics and follow‐up of children with norovirus‐associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis
Abstract Objective Explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with norovirus (NoV)‐associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the Clinical and laboratory data of children with NoV‐associated CwG admitted to the emergency department of Guangzhou Children's Hospital between January 2019 and January 2020. And patients were followed up for 23–36 months. Results There are 49 cases met the CwG criteria. Vomiting was the first symptom in 31 (63.3%) patients, and vomiting could be the main or the only gastrointestinal symptom. The mean frequency of seizures was 3.8 ± 2.4 episodes. Most patients (95.9%) experienced seizures that lasted for less than 5 min. Of the 43 (87.8%) cases followed up from 23 to 36 months, only one experienced recurrent convulsions (after rotavirus infection). Significance NoV‐associated CwG patients were prone to experiencing more convulsions. However, because most NoV‐associated CwG patients had good prognosis, long‐term use of anticonvulsants are unnecessary.
2020-08-06 | Case Report: Benign Infantile Seizures Temporally Associated With COVID-19
Background: Nonfebrile illness seizures may present in previously healthy children as afebrile seizures associated with minor infections, such as mild gastroenteritis or respiratory tract infections, with a genetic predisposition. For the novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19, fever, cough and gastrointestinal complaints are the most common symptoms in children and a hyperimmune response may be present. No detailed temporally associated neurological complications have been documented in pediatric case series so far. Case description: We present the case of a 3-month-old girl with nonfebrile repeated seizures in a COVID-19 family setting. The infant started with mild fever and cough that lasted two days. At day 6 from onset, the girl presented two focal motor seizures with impaired consciousness and awareness. All investigations ruled out signs of meningo-encephalitis or active epilepsy, including normal electroencephalogram and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging. PCR from nasal and throat swabs was positive for SARS-CoV-2. Remarkably, blood ferritin and D-dimer levels were increased. At day 9, the infant presented another afebrile motor seizure and levetiracetam was started, with favourable response in 3 months of follow up. Much interest has raised on host genetic determinants to disease severity and susceptibility to COVID-19. We thus performed whole exome sequencing, revealing a pathogenic frameshift mutation in PRRT2 gene, in both the mother and the infant. The mother had presented two late infantile febrile convulsions with normal outcome afterwards. Discussion: The hyperimmune response described in adult cases with COVID-19 can be displayed by infants, even in absence of respiratory symptoms. Moreover, COVID-19 disease may present in infants as nonfebrile seizures, triggering early onset seizures in infants with a genetic predisposition. In this pandemic situation, precision medicine using massive sequencing can shed light to reveal underlying molecular mechanisms driving the host response to COVID-19.
2017-07-28 | Effects of various antiepileptic drugs in benign infantile seizures with mild gastroenteritis
Purpose: This study sought to deter mine the appr opr iate choice of antiepileptic dr ugs (AEDs) for seizures during the acute phase in patients with benign infantile seizures with mild gastroenteritis (BISMG).Methods: We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and dose of AEDs for BISMG by reviewing the medical records of 42 patients diagnosed with BISMG.In this study, AEDs were regarded as effective when seizures ceased for >24 h after administration.Results: AEDs were administered to 39 of 42 patients (92.9%).Carbamazepine was effective in 21 of 21 patients (100.0%),phenytoin/fos-phenytoin in three of four patients (75.0%), midazolam in one of two patients (50.0%), lidocaine in one of two patients (50.0%), and diazepam in 13 of 36 patients (36.1%).Intravenous diazepam was effective in seven of 11 patients (63.6%) and suppository diazepam in 10 of 25 patients (40.0%).The median dose of carbamazepine was 5.0 mg/kg/day (range, 3.0-5.0mg/kg/day) and the median duration of medication was 1 day (range, 1-5 days).Conclusion: Tr eatment for 1 day with low-dose carbamazepine was effective for BISMG.Phenytoin/fosphenytoin and intravenous diazepam, not but suppository diazepam, were also effective.We recommend 1 day of treatment with low-dose carbamazepine as the first-line treatment for BISMG.The unnecessary use of AEDs for BISMG should be avoided after the acute phase because seizures in BISMG rarely recur.
2014-11-06 | Clinical characteristics of seizures associated with viral gastroenteritis in children
We analyzed the clinical features of seizures during gastroenteritis in children by comparing the norovirus and rotavirus pathogen, and the impact of fever, if present, during the seizure episodes. Retrospective analysis was performed on 293 consecutive pediatric patients admitted with viral gastroenteritis to Osaka General Hospital between November 2007 and May 2009. Eighteen patients developed seizures, 12 of whom were positive for norovirus and six for rotavirus, as revealed by antigen detection. Of these 18 seizure patients, eight presented without fever (the aFS group) and 10 presented with febrile episodes (FS group). Seizure patients in the rotavirus group (83%) were more likely to be febrile than those in the norovirus group (58%). Compared with the aFS group, 90% of patients in the FS group presented seizures at an early stage of gastroenteritis. The frequency of clustered seizures in the FS group was considerably higher than that of febrile seizures in general and was also as high as that of "convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG)". All seizure patients, whether febrile or afebrile, presented with generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS), complex partial seizures (CPS), or both. Diazepam (DZP) was less effective and carbamazepine (CBZ) was completely effective for the cessation of seizures in the FS group, similar to the drug response observed in CwG. The causative pathogen (norovirus or rotavirus) affected the frequency of febrile episodes during gastroenteritis, but fever had little effect on the clinical features of seizures. However, seizures occurred earlier during gastroenteritis in the FS group. On the whole, the clinical features of febrile seizures during viral gastroenteritis may closely resemble those of "convulsions with mild gastroenteritis" (CwG) than those of febrile seizures in general with respect to the frequency of clustered seizures and the antiepileptic drug responses and may have a pathogenic mechanism distinct from those of febrile seizures due to other causes.
2010-04-03 | Clinical trial of minimal treatment for clustering seizures in cases of convulsions with mild gastroenteritis
The aim of this study was to identify means of shortening the treatment period for clustering seizures in patients with convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG).Sixty-two episodes in 61 patients who presented with CwG managed with carbamazepine (CBZ) or Lidocaine (Lidocaine tape (LDT) or intravenous infusion (Lid-iv)) between November 2005 and October 2008 were studied. The subjects were divided into the following groups: 33 episodes treated with CBZ-1 (5mg/kg/day, 1 day), 7 with CBZ-3 (5mg/kg/day, 3 days), 11 with LDT-1 (LDT 2 sheets in 24h), 4 with LDT-2 (LDT 2 sheets in 48 h), and 7 with Lid-iv (1mg/kg/h, continuous infusion).One to seven seizures were recognized before starting CBZ or Lidocaine therapy, followed by complete cessation in 57 episodes and one or two recurrent seizures in five. Efficacy rates were 97% for CBZ-1, 100% for CBZ-3, 72.7% for LDT-1, 75% for LID-2, and 100% for Lid-iv. Efficacy was significantly higher in the CBZ groups than the Lidocaine groups (p=0.019), while the differences between treatment periods (CBZ-1 vs. CBZ-3, and Lid-1 vs. Lid-2) did not reach statistical significance (p>0.999).CBZ and Lidocaine were effective for treating clustering seizures of CwG. We confirmed that the treatment period can be shortened without loss of efficacy. Therefore, we consider 1 day therapy with CBZ or Lidocaine to be sufficient.
small molecules
2023-07-11 | Clinical characteristics and follow‐up of children with norovirus‐associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis
Abstract Objective Explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children with norovirus (NoV)‐associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG). Methods We retrospectively analyzed the Clinical and laboratory data of children with NoV‐associated CwG admitted to the emergency department of Guangzhou Children's Hospital between January 2019 and January 2020. And patients were followed up for 23–36 months. Results There are 49 cases met the CwG criteria. Vomiting was the first symptom in 31 (63.3%) patients, and vomiting could be the main or the only gastrointestinal symptom. The mean frequency of seizures was 3.8 ± 2.4 episodes. Most patients (95.9%) experienced seizures that lasted for less than 5 min. Of the 43 (87.8%) cases followed up from 23 to 36 months, only one experienced recurrent convulsions (after rotavirus infection). Significance NoV‐associated CwG patients were prone to experiencing more convulsions. However, because most NoV‐associated CwG patients had good prognosis, long‐term use of anticonvulsants are unnecessary.
2020-08-06 | Case Report: Benign Infantile Seizures Temporally Associated With COVID-19
Background: Nonfebrile illness seizures may present in previously healthy children as afebrile seizures associated with minor infections, such as mild gastroenteritis or respiratory tract infections, with a genetic predisposition. For the novel human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19, fever, cough and gastrointestinal complaints are the most common symptoms in children and a hyperimmune response may be present. No detailed temporally associated neurological complications have been documented in pediatric case series so far. Case description: We present the case of a 3-month-old girl with nonfebrile repeated seizures in a COVID-19 family setting. The infant started with mild fever and cough that lasted two days. At day 6 from onset, the girl presented two focal motor seizures with impaired consciousness and awareness. All investigations ruled out signs of meningo-encephalitis or active epilepsy, including normal electroencephalogram and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging. PCR from nasal and throat swabs was positive for SARS-CoV-2. Remarkably, blood ferritin and D-dimer levels were increased. At day 9, the infant presented another afebrile motor seizure and levetiracetam was started, with favourable response in 3 months of follow up. Much interest has raised on host genetic determinants to disease severity and susceptibility to COVID-19. We thus performed whole exome sequencing, revealing a pathogenic frameshift mutation in PRRT2 gene, in both the mother and the infant. The mother had presented two late infantile febrile convulsions with normal outcome afterwards. Discussion: The hyperimmune response described in adult cases with COVID-19 can be displayed by infants, even in absence of respiratory symptoms. Moreover, COVID-19 disease may present in infants as nonfebrile seizures, triggering early onset seizures in infants with a genetic predisposition. In this pandemic situation, precision medicine using massive sequencing can shed light to reveal underlying molecular mechanisms driving the host response to COVID-19.
2017-07-28 | Effects of various antiepileptic drugs in benign infantile seizures with mild gastroenteritis
Purpose: This study sought to deter mine the appr opr iate choice of antiepileptic dr ugs (AEDs) for seizures during the acute phase in patients with benign infantile seizures with mild gastroenteritis (BISMG).Methods: We retrospectively investigated the efficacy and dose of AEDs for BISMG by reviewing the medical records of 42 patients diagnosed with BISMG.In this study, AEDs were regarded as effective when seizures ceased for >24 h after administration.Results: AEDs were administered to 39 of 42 patients (92.9%).Carbamazepine was effective in 21 of 21 patients (100.0%),phenytoin/fos-phenytoin in three of four patients (75.0%), midazolam in one of two patients (50.0%), lidocaine in one of two patients (50.0%), and diazepam in 13 of 36 patients (36.1%).Intravenous diazepam was effective in seven of 11 patients (63.6%) and suppository diazepam in 10 of 25 patients (40.0%).The median dose of carbamazepine was 5.0 mg/kg/day (range, 3.0-5.0mg/kg/day) and the median duration of medication was 1 day (range, 1-5 days).Conclusion: Tr eatment for 1 day with low-dose carbamazepine was effective for BISMG.Phenytoin/fosphenytoin and intravenous diazepam, not but suppository diazepam, were also effective.We recommend 1 day of treatment with low-dose carbamazepine as the first-line treatment for BISMG.The unnecessary use of AEDs for BISMG should be avoided after the acute phase because seizures in BISMG rarely recur.
2014-11-06 | Clinical characteristics of seizures associated with viral gastroenteritis in children
We analyzed the clinical features of seizures during gastroenteritis in children by comparing the norovirus and rotavirus pathogen, and the impact of fever, if present, during the seizure episodes. Retrospective analysis was performed on 293 consecutive pediatric patients admitted with viral gastroenteritis to Osaka General Hospital between November 2007 and May 2009. Eighteen patients developed seizures, 12 of whom were positive for norovirus and six for rotavirus, as revealed by antigen detection. Of these 18 seizure patients, eight presented without fever (the aFS group) and 10 presented with febrile episodes (FS group). Seizure patients in the rotavirus group (83%) were more likely to be febrile than those in the norovirus group (58%). Compared with the aFS group, 90% of patients in the FS group presented seizures at an early stage of gastroenteritis. The frequency of clustered seizures in the FS group was considerably higher than that of febrile seizures in general and was also as high as that of "convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG)". All seizure patients, whether febrile or afebrile, presented with generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCS), complex partial seizures (CPS), or both. Diazepam (DZP) was less effective and carbamazepine (CBZ) was completely effective for the cessation of seizures in the FS group, similar to the drug response observed in CwG. The causative pathogen (norovirus or rotavirus) affected the frequency of febrile episodes during gastroenteritis, but fever had little effect on the clinical features of seizures. However, seizures occurred earlier during gastroenteritis in the FS group. On the whole, the clinical features of febrile seizures during viral gastroenteritis may closely resemble those of "convulsions with mild gastroenteritis" (CwG) than those of febrile seizures in general with respect to the frequency of clustered seizures and the antiepileptic drug responses and may have a pathogenic mechanism distinct from those of febrile seizures due to other causes.
2010-04-03 | Clinical trial of minimal treatment for clustering seizures in cases of convulsions with mild gastroenteritis
The aim of this study was to identify means of shortening the treatment period for clustering seizures in patients with convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG).Sixty-two episodes in 61 patients who presented with CwG managed with carbamazepine (CBZ) or Lidocaine (Lidocaine tape (LDT) or intravenous infusion (Lid-iv)) between November 2005 and October 2008 were studied. The subjects were divided into the following groups: 33 episodes treated with CBZ-1 (5mg/kg/day, 1 day), 7 with CBZ-3 (5mg/kg/day, 3 days), 11 with LDT-1 (LDT 2 sheets in 24h), 4 with LDT-2 (LDT 2 sheets in 48 h), and 7 with Lid-iv (1mg/kg/h, continuous infusion).One to seven seizures were recognized before starting CBZ or Lidocaine therapy, followed by complete cessation in 57 episodes and one or two recurrent seizures in five. Efficacy rates were 97% for CBZ-1, 100% for CBZ-3, 72.7% for LDT-1, 75% for LID-2, and 100% for Lid-iv. Efficacy was significantly higher in the CBZ groups than the Lidocaine groups (p=0.019), while the differences between treatment periods (CBZ-1 vs. CBZ-3, and Lid-1 vs. Lid-2) did not reach statistical significance (p>0.999).CBZ and Lidocaine were effective for treating clustering seizures of CwG. We confirmed that the treatment period can be shortened without loss of efficacy. Therefore, we consider 1 day therapy with CBZ or Lidocaine to be sufficient.
Access all drug discovery papers and probability of success in trials forecasts:
Access all drug discovery papers and probability of success in trials forecasts:
Drug Discovery Landscape
0 orphan drug designations.
0 orphan drug designations.
Let's accelerate rare disease drug discovery
Let's accelerate drug discovery
Get access to Explority AI’s forecasts to outperform average preclinical success rates. Whether you’re expanding your R&D pipeline, evaluating a partnership, or simply have a question — we’d love to hear from you.