RARE DISEASE
Solitary bone cyst
Solitary bone cyst
Solitary bone cyst
Synonyms: Unicameral bone cyst
Synonyms: Unicameral bone cyst
Synonyms: Unicameral bone cyst
Drug discovery
2
drugs
With orphan designations
Overview
Solitary Bone Cyst (SBC) is a benign, non-neoplastic intraosseous cavity lacking epithelial lining, often fluid-filled or empty. Most common in long bones (proximal humerus/femur), with 10% in jawbones. Typically asymptomatic, detected incidentally via radiography. Histopathology reveals fibrovascular tissue, erythrocytes, and reactive bone without epithelial components. Treatment involves surgical curettage ± grafting, with a 6–12 month healing period. Recurrence rates vary (14%–50%), influenced by lesion size and location [1][5][13].
Therapies
Surgical curettage (± autograft/allograft): Standard treatment, inducing healing in ~6 months [1][14].
Sclerotherapy (e.g., polidocanol): Minimally invasive, effective for recurrent or aggressive lesions [3][19].
Observation: Asymptomatic/small cysts monitored radiographically; 25% resolve post-fracture [13][14].
Categories: rare bone diseases, rare neoplastic diseases
Research Papers
288 drug discovery papers about Solitary bone cyst, with 1 first-in-class emerging drug candidates forecasted to outperform the average preclinical success rate. Recent publications:
288 drug discovery papers about Solitary bone cyst, with 1 first-in-class emerging drug candidates forecasted to outperform the average preclinical success rate. Recent publications:
categories:
Small molecules
small molecules
2026-06-11 | Intralesional Triamcinolone versus Oral Bisphosphonate for Benign Cystic Bone Lesions: A Prospective Comparative Study of Radiological and Pain Outcomes.
Benign cystic bone lesions, particularly solitary bone cysts and aneurysmal bone cysts, predominantly affect children and adolescents, posing significant orthopedic challenges. This study was therefore designed to compare intralesional triamcinolone injection and oral bisphosphonate therapy in patients with benign cystic bone lesions, with respect to radiological healing and pain outcomes over a 6-month follow-up period. This prospective study enrolled 60 patients with benign cystic bone lesions at the Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Centre, J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior, India. Patients were randomly allocated to Group A (intralesional triamcinolone injection, n = 30) or Group B (oral bisphosphonate, n = 30). Radiological outcomes were assessed using Cole's modification of the Neer grading system, and pain was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test and McNemar's test. Both groups were comparable at baseline for age, gender, pain duration, and side of involvement. At 6 months, Group A demonstrated significantly superior pain reduction (VAS: 1.48 ± 1.33) compared to Group B (VAS: 5.48 ± 1.50; P < 0.001). Radiological improvement (decrease in Neer grade) occurred in 60% of Group A vs 40% in Group B (P = 0.03). Internal calcification and mineralization were significantly more frequent in Group A (40%) than Group B (16.7%; P = 0.044). Neer-Cole Grade 1 (complete healing) was achieved in 56.67% of Group A versus 23.33% of Group B. Intralesional triamcinolone injection demonstrated superior efficacy compared to oral bisphosphonate in managing benign cystic bone lesions with respect to pain reduction, radiological improvement, and promotion of calcification. Bisphosphonates remain valuable as adjunctive or alternative therapy in specific clinical scenarios. Larger randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are warranted.
2026-01-01 | Novel use of allogenic fibular strut in the surgical management of a calcaneal unicameral bone cyst: A case report
Unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) of the calcaneus, although rare, can cause significant pain and deformity and are often missed on initial evaluation. In this case study, we present a 64-year-old male diagnosed with a calcaneal bone cyst causing pain to the right heel. Surgical intervention was deemed necessary due to persistent pain and functional impairment. The patient underwent excision of the calcaneal bone cyst via cortical windowing, curettage, application of phenol, grafting, and insertion of a fibular strut to maintain strength and stability of the calcaneus. No complications occurred and postoperative plain film radiographs confirmed adequate consolidation of bone defect with stabilization of calcaneus bone integrity. Postoperatively, the patient's pain resolved and he was able to bear weight in stable shoe gear once again. This case presents a comprehensive approach in the treatment of unicameral bone cysts to achieve successful outcomes and prevent fracture through the subtalar joint.
2025-11-21 | Clinical classification and management strategy for humeral unicameral bone cyst in children
Objective: This study aims to describe and assess the clinical classification and management strategies for humeral unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) in children. Methods: The classification and management strategy for pediatric humeral UBCs was developed based on a review of existing literature and an evaluation of our clinical practice. A retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with humeral UBCs was conducted to preliminarily validate the proposed classification and treatment strategies. Clinical efficacy was categorized into three levels: healed, healed with defects, and persistent cyst. Results: Pediatric humeral UBCs were classified into three clinical types, each with two subtypes. Type 1 represents stable UBCs, for which a conservative “wait and see” approach is recommended. Type 2 indicates invasion and destruction of bone by UBCs, with or without stable pathological fractures. The treatment plan for Type 2 includes preferential treatment with methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) injection therapy, with surgical intervention if MPA is ineffective. Type 3 involves unstable pathological fractures caused by UBCs, for which fracture reduction, cyst curettage, bone grafting, and fixation with an elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) or Kirschner wire are recommended. We followed up with 32 patients for an average of 73.2 months (range, 24–144 months). The cohort included six females and twenty-six males, with ages at presentation ranging from 3 to 14 years (mean age, 9.5 years). Nineteen patients met the classification treatment protocol, while the remaining thirteen did not. In the matching group, there was one case of Type 1, seven cases of Type 2, and eleven cases of Type 3. In the non-matching group, among the ten Type 2 patients, eight did not receive MPA injection therapy and instead underwent major surgeries, including seven cases of curettage and bone grafting and one case necessitating ESIN. The other two Type 2 patients did not receive ESIN treatment following inadequate response to MPA injection. Two Type 3 patients received MPA injection treatment, while one underwent external fixation and the other underwent curettage and bone grafting. In the matching group, ten patients achieved complete healing, eight experienced healing with defects, and one had a recurrence of UBC. In the non-matching group, six patients healed, three healed with defects, and four had recurrences. Despite numerical differences, statistical analysis did not reveal significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: The clinical classification and management strategies for humeral UBCs in children are validated by this study. The findings provide important references in clinical decision-making.
2025-01-30 | Low rate of healing and high incidence of complications in benign pediatric bone tumors treated with synthetic calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate bone graft
Background: Synthetic calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate bioceramic composite has been developed as a material for bone grafting; however, the literature is limited on outcomes of benign bone tumors treated with bone grafting. This study aims to investigate the outcomes of benign pediatric bone tumors treated with a calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate composite bone graft. Methods: A retrospective review at a tertiary pediatric hospital with benign bone tumors treated with curettage and bone grafting with a calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate synthetic bone graft from 2008–2018 was included. Minimum follow-up was 6 months. Results: Twenty-seven patients met inclusion criteria with a mean age of 10.3 ± 4.5 years and follow-up was 37.2 ± 22.3 months. Diagnoses were unicameral bone cysts ( n = 16) and aneurysmal bone cysts ( n = 11). Pathologic fracture was present in 48% (13/27) of patients on admission. All patients were treated using synthetic bone grafts and 37% (10/27) with internal fixation. Following index treatment, 96% (26/27) had resolution of pain and returned to full activity at 13.4 ± 10.7 weeks. Complications occurred in 33% (9/27) of patients; one developed chronic hip pain resulting in decreased physical activity, seven had a tumor recurrence without fracture, and one had tumor recurrence with pathologic fracture. Revision surgery was required in 26% (7/27) of cases. Per the modified Neer outcomes rating system, 52% of patients had a healed bone lesion, 4% had a healing lesion with a bone defect, and 44% had a persistent/recurrent cyst. Conclusions: Children with benign bone tumors treated with curettage and bone grafting using a calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate composite had a high incidence of complications and revision surgery. Level of evidence: IV.
2025-01-02 | A 20-Year-Old Woman with Metachronous Polyostotic Simple (Unicameral) Bone Cysts in 9 Sites: A Case Report
BACKGROUND Simple (unicameral) bone cysts (SBCs) are benign, fluid-filled bone lesions that are typically solitary and can be unicameral (single chamber) or septated. Most commonly affecting the long bones of children and adolescents, SBCs can be asymptomatic or associated with pain or fractures. Multifocal SBCs, featuring multiple cysts across different bones, are exceptionally rare and pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Here, we report an exceptional case of a 20-year-old woman with multifocal SBCs affecting 9 known anatomical sites and discuss the unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. CASE REPORT A 20-year-old woman presented with right proximal tibia pain after a fall. Radiographs and MRI revealed radiolucent lesions in the proximal tibia, distal tibia, and fibula, with additional lesions identified on whole-body scintigraphy in the left proximal and distal tibia, left proximal humerus, and pelvis. Initial biopsy was suggestive of SBCs but inconclusive, and surgical biopsy was required for definitive diagnosis. Histologic evaluation confirmed SBCs, demonstrating cyst walls, cholesterol clefts, and fibrin-like deposits. Treatment included curettage, local adjuvant therapy with argon beam and doxycycline, bone grafting, and doxycycline sclerotherapy for pelvic and distal extremity lesions. At 17 months after treatment, the patient remained asymptomatic, with imaging showing sclerosis and near-complete resolution of the lesions. CONCLUSIONS This report presented a rare case of a young woman with multiple SBCs across 9 anatomical sites. Overall, the management of multifocal SBCs requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, and pathologists for optimal outcomes.
cell therapies
2025-04-02 | Poly ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds: Advancements in Bone Regeneration and Grafting
In orthopedics and oncology, benign and malignant bone lesions pose significant clinical challenges. Malignant tumors, like osteosarcomas and multiple myeloma, pose substantial health dangers and can spread common and mostly non-life-threatening benign lesions, including non-sizing fibromas and unicameral bone cysts. Treatment plans for bone lesions may involve radiation, chemotherapy, and surgical excision, depending on their type. Combining stem cell research, bioactive materials, and advanced scaffold design, cutting-edge tissue engineering innovations provide novel approaches to bone repair. Poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds' biocompatible and biodegradable properties have made them an important instrument in the area since they encourage the osteogenic growth of mesenchymal stem cells. PCL scaffolds encourage the adhesion, development, and specialization of cells into osteoblasts by establishing an optimal microenvironment that replicates the conditions of actual bone tissue. Recent research indicates that PCL scaffolds are efficient in inducing the regeneration of bone tissue when subjected to osteogenic factors and other bioactive additives. This review underlines the need for PCL scaffolds to enhance the mechanism of bone healing and regeneration, thereby confirming their ability to transform the method of treating bone illnesses and accidents. Using ongoing research and pragmatic use in clinical environments, PCL scaffolds can provide unique and effective strategies to improve patient outcomes in allograft treatment.
2024-08-16 | An Atypical Presentation of a Unicameral Bone Cyst in the Left Humerus: A Case Report.
Simple bone cysts (SBCs) are the most common osteolytic lesions in children, often leading to pathological fractures of non-weight-bearing bones. These benign tumors primarily arise in the proximal humerus, femur, or calcaneus. The cystic cavity is filled with serous or serosanguineous fluid and lined by a thin fibrovascular connective tissue membrane. The etiological factors include disturbances in bone growth, local venous obstruction, synovial origin disorders, and genetic predispositions. SBCs are most frequently observed in individuals from birth to 20 years of age. The report presented a case of a 12-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with a history of a mass on his left upper arm. The mass had an acute onset and gradually progressed to its current size over three to four weeks, after which it became nonprogressive. The patient had been healthy until the age of four, after which he experienced frequent fractures of the left arm following trivial trauma. Multiple traumas led to the gradual formation of a diffuse mass over the upper part of the humerus. Radiological imaging modalities, such as X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging, are crucial in diagnosing bone cysts and evaluating their clinical conditions. Treatment can involve the injection of bone marrow or steroids into the cyst to facilitate the healing process.
2019-11-08 | Mandibular ascending branch and condyle reconstruction in adolescence by a costochondral rib graft with an observation period over 8 years
Introduction: The need to resect and reconstruct the condylar process of the mandible in a teenager is rare. Reconstruction strategy must be accurately assessed in terms of donor side morbidity, postoperative risks (ankylosis) and the possibility of sufficient development in a growing patient. Observation: A 14-year-old boy presented with the radiographic finding of a large cystic lesion of the right condylar process. There were no clinical symptoms as pain, a limitation of mouth opening or malocclusion. Pathohistological examination confirmed a solitary bony cyst. The resected ascending jaw and condylar process was reconstructed by a costochondral rib graft. Commentaries: Over 8 years the development of the reconstructed ascending jaw and condyle was observed. There was an undisturbed growth. The cartilaginous part of the costochondral graft remodeled to a sufficient condylar process without ankylosis, resorption or overgrowth. Conclusion: The reconstruction of the growing mandible and condylar process in an adolescent is a challenge. Observation over 8 years showed a sufficient reconstruction. Intraoperative the chondral portion of the graft has to be handled carefully to avoid a separating from the bony part. The growth potential of the costochondral rib transplant allows a functional reconstruction without substantial donor side morbidity in adolescent patients.
2019-10-04 | Surgical treatment of solitary bone cysts in children using alloimplants
One of the traditional methods for treating solitary bone cysts (CCMs) is edge resection and defect replacement with bone or ceramic implants. Materials based on allogeneic bone after various types of processing that combine optimal properties for osteoregeneration may be promising.Objective: to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of children with CCMs using bone alloimplants for plastic surgery of post-resection defects.Methods: the results of examination and treatment of 11 patients (8 boys, 3 girls, age from 5 to 16 years) were analyzed. The diagnosis was established on the basis of the totality of the clinical manifestations of the disease, data from laboratory tests, X-ray and pathomorphological studies. The distribution according to the localization of the pathological focus: the proximal femur — 6 (54.5 %), the humerus — 2 (18.2 %), the heel — 2 (18.2 %), pubic — 1 (9.1 %). Indications for surgical treatment: the presence of a massive lesion of bone tissue in the loaded area, a high risk of pathological fracture, a pronounced longterm pain syndrome. All patients underwent regional resection and chemical processing of CCMs; defects were filled with osteoplastic material. Results: according to x-ray, bone remodeling in the surgical area occurred in 6–12 months. after operation. After 12–18 months the bone structure of the patients was corresponded to normal without or with plastic residues. Infectious complications, recurrences of the pathological process and repeated fractures were not observed, pain was absent, motor activity was restored.Conclusions: the studied osteoplastic material of allogeneic origin can be recommended for use in the surgical treatment scheme for CCMs in children for plastic surgery of post-resection defects to restore bone structure.
2019-01-21 | Free non‑vascularized fibular graft reconstruction after resection of metacarpal unicameral bone cyst: A case report
Unicameral bone cyst (UBC) or simple bone cyst (SBC) is a benign cystic lesion commonly found in the humerus and femur that is mainly encountered during childhood. The currently available treatments for UBC of the hand commonly involve curettage, bone grafting, partial resection with or without grafting, multiple drilling, fracture immobilization and observation alone, and steroid injection. We herein report a case treated with total resection of the cyst and non‑vascularized fibular graft in a 9‑year‑old right‑handed female patient. The patient presented with a chief complaint of a large, fast growing lump over the first metacarpal of the left hand. Flexion of the first metacarpophalangeal joint was limited. After the diagnosis was established with plain radiographs followed by biopsy, the cyst was completely removed by resecting the shaft of the metacarpal bone with preservation of the epiphyseal plate. A bone graft was obtained from the fibula and inserted in the gap, distally attached to the epiphyseal plate of the metacarpal and fixed with a Kirshner wire proximally. Radiographs revealed solid union of the bone graft to the epiphyseal plate at the head after 7 weeks, with improving function of the thumb. SBC or UBC of the metacarpal bone is very rare. A more aggressive method, such as in the case presented herein, may be necessary to treat this condition.
small molecules
2026-06-11 | Intralesional Triamcinolone versus Oral Bisphosphonate for Benign Cystic Bone Lesions: A Prospective Comparative Study of Radiological and Pain Outcomes.
Benign cystic bone lesions, particularly solitary bone cysts and aneurysmal bone cysts, predominantly affect children and adolescents, posing significant orthopedic challenges. This study was therefore designed to compare intralesional triamcinolone injection and oral bisphosphonate therapy in patients with benign cystic bone lesions, with respect to radiological healing and pain outcomes over a 6-month follow-up period. This prospective study enrolled 60 patients with benign cystic bone lesions at the Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Centre, J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior, India. Patients were randomly allocated to Group A (intralesional triamcinolone injection, n = 30) or Group B (oral bisphosphonate, n = 30). Radiological outcomes were assessed using Cole's modification of the Neer grading system, and pain was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test and McNemar's test. Both groups were comparable at baseline for age, gender, pain duration, and side of involvement. At 6 months, Group A demonstrated significantly superior pain reduction (VAS: 1.48 ± 1.33) compared to Group B (VAS: 5.48 ± 1.50; P < 0.001). Radiological improvement (decrease in Neer grade) occurred in 60% of Group A vs 40% in Group B (P = 0.03). Internal calcification and mineralization were significantly more frequent in Group A (40%) than Group B (16.7%; P = 0.044). Neer-Cole Grade 1 (complete healing) was achieved in 56.67% of Group A versus 23.33% of Group B. Intralesional triamcinolone injection demonstrated superior efficacy compared to oral bisphosphonate in managing benign cystic bone lesions with respect to pain reduction, radiological improvement, and promotion of calcification. Bisphosphonates remain valuable as adjunctive or alternative therapy in specific clinical scenarios. Larger randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are warranted.
2026-01-01 | Novel use of allogenic fibular strut in the surgical management of a calcaneal unicameral bone cyst: A case report
Unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) of the calcaneus, although rare, can cause significant pain and deformity and are often missed on initial evaluation. In this case study, we present a 64-year-old male diagnosed with a calcaneal bone cyst causing pain to the right heel. Surgical intervention was deemed necessary due to persistent pain and functional impairment. The patient underwent excision of the calcaneal bone cyst via cortical windowing, curettage, application of phenol, grafting, and insertion of a fibular strut to maintain strength and stability of the calcaneus. No complications occurred and postoperative plain film radiographs confirmed adequate consolidation of bone defect with stabilization of calcaneus bone integrity. Postoperatively, the patient's pain resolved and he was able to bear weight in stable shoe gear once again. This case presents a comprehensive approach in the treatment of unicameral bone cysts to achieve successful outcomes and prevent fracture through the subtalar joint.
2025-11-21 | Clinical classification and management strategy for humeral unicameral bone cyst in children
Objective: This study aims to describe and assess the clinical classification and management strategies for humeral unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) in children. Methods: The classification and management strategy for pediatric humeral UBCs was developed based on a review of existing literature and an evaluation of our clinical practice. A retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with humeral UBCs was conducted to preliminarily validate the proposed classification and treatment strategies. Clinical efficacy was categorized into three levels: healed, healed with defects, and persistent cyst. Results: Pediatric humeral UBCs were classified into three clinical types, each with two subtypes. Type 1 represents stable UBCs, for which a conservative “wait and see” approach is recommended. Type 2 indicates invasion and destruction of bone by UBCs, with or without stable pathological fractures. The treatment plan for Type 2 includes preferential treatment with methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) injection therapy, with surgical intervention if MPA is ineffective. Type 3 involves unstable pathological fractures caused by UBCs, for which fracture reduction, cyst curettage, bone grafting, and fixation with an elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) or Kirschner wire are recommended. We followed up with 32 patients for an average of 73.2 months (range, 24–144 months). The cohort included six females and twenty-six males, with ages at presentation ranging from 3 to 14 years (mean age, 9.5 years). Nineteen patients met the classification treatment protocol, while the remaining thirteen did not. In the matching group, there was one case of Type 1, seven cases of Type 2, and eleven cases of Type 3. In the non-matching group, among the ten Type 2 patients, eight did not receive MPA injection therapy and instead underwent major surgeries, including seven cases of curettage and bone grafting and one case necessitating ESIN. The other two Type 2 patients did not receive ESIN treatment following inadequate response to MPA injection. Two Type 3 patients received MPA injection treatment, while one underwent external fixation and the other underwent curettage and bone grafting. In the matching group, ten patients achieved complete healing, eight experienced healing with defects, and one had a recurrence of UBC. In the non-matching group, six patients healed, three healed with defects, and four had recurrences. Despite numerical differences, statistical analysis did not reveal significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: The clinical classification and management strategies for humeral UBCs in children are validated by this study. The findings provide important references in clinical decision-making.
2025-01-30 | Low rate of healing and high incidence of complications in benign pediatric bone tumors treated with synthetic calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate bone graft
Background: Synthetic calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate bioceramic composite has been developed as a material for bone grafting; however, the literature is limited on outcomes of benign bone tumors treated with bone grafting. This study aims to investigate the outcomes of benign pediatric bone tumors treated with a calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate composite bone graft. Methods: A retrospective review at a tertiary pediatric hospital with benign bone tumors treated with curettage and bone grafting with a calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate synthetic bone graft from 2008–2018 was included. Minimum follow-up was 6 months. Results: Twenty-seven patients met inclusion criteria with a mean age of 10.3 ± 4.5 years and follow-up was 37.2 ± 22.3 months. Diagnoses were unicameral bone cysts ( n = 16) and aneurysmal bone cysts ( n = 11). Pathologic fracture was present in 48% (13/27) of patients on admission. All patients were treated using synthetic bone grafts and 37% (10/27) with internal fixation. Following index treatment, 96% (26/27) had resolution of pain and returned to full activity at 13.4 ± 10.7 weeks. Complications occurred in 33% (9/27) of patients; one developed chronic hip pain resulting in decreased physical activity, seven had a tumor recurrence without fracture, and one had tumor recurrence with pathologic fracture. Revision surgery was required in 26% (7/27) of cases. Per the modified Neer outcomes rating system, 52% of patients had a healed bone lesion, 4% had a healing lesion with a bone defect, and 44% had a persistent/recurrent cyst. Conclusions: Children with benign bone tumors treated with curettage and bone grafting using a calcium sulfate–calcium phosphate composite had a high incidence of complications and revision surgery. Level of evidence: IV.
2025-01-02 | A 20-Year-Old Woman with Metachronous Polyostotic Simple (Unicameral) Bone Cysts in 9 Sites: A Case Report
BACKGROUND Simple (unicameral) bone cysts (SBCs) are benign, fluid-filled bone lesions that are typically solitary and can be unicameral (single chamber) or septated. Most commonly affecting the long bones of children and adolescents, SBCs can be asymptomatic or associated with pain or fractures. Multifocal SBCs, featuring multiple cysts across different bones, are exceptionally rare and pose unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Here, we report an exceptional case of a 20-year-old woman with multifocal SBCs affecting 9 known anatomical sites and discuss the unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. CASE REPORT A 20-year-old woman presented with right proximal tibia pain after a fall. Radiographs and MRI revealed radiolucent lesions in the proximal tibia, distal tibia, and fibula, with additional lesions identified on whole-body scintigraphy in the left proximal and distal tibia, left proximal humerus, and pelvis. Initial biopsy was suggestive of SBCs but inconclusive, and surgical biopsy was required for definitive diagnosis. Histologic evaluation confirmed SBCs, demonstrating cyst walls, cholesterol clefts, and fibrin-like deposits. Treatment included curettage, local adjuvant therapy with argon beam and doxycycline, bone grafting, and doxycycline sclerotherapy for pelvic and distal extremity lesions. At 17 months after treatment, the patient remained asymptomatic, with imaging showing sclerosis and near-complete resolution of the lesions. CONCLUSIONS This report presented a rare case of a young woman with multiple SBCs across 9 anatomical sites. Overall, the management of multifocal SBCs requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, and pathologists for optimal outcomes.
cell therapies
2025-04-02 | Poly ε-Caprolactone Scaffolds: Advancements in Bone Regeneration and Grafting
In orthopedics and oncology, benign and malignant bone lesions pose significant clinical challenges. Malignant tumors, like osteosarcomas and multiple myeloma, pose substantial health dangers and can spread common and mostly non-life-threatening benign lesions, including non-sizing fibromas and unicameral bone cysts. Treatment plans for bone lesions may involve radiation, chemotherapy, and surgical excision, depending on their type. Combining stem cell research, bioactive materials, and advanced scaffold design, cutting-edge tissue engineering innovations provide novel approaches to bone repair. Poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds' biocompatible and biodegradable properties have made them an important instrument in the area since they encourage the osteogenic growth of mesenchymal stem cells. PCL scaffolds encourage the adhesion, development, and specialization of cells into osteoblasts by establishing an optimal microenvironment that replicates the conditions of actual bone tissue. Recent research indicates that PCL scaffolds are efficient in inducing the regeneration of bone tissue when subjected to osteogenic factors and other bioactive additives. This review underlines the need for PCL scaffolds to enhance the mechanism of bone healing and regeneration, thereby confirming their ability to transform the method of treating bone illnesses and accidents. Using ongoing research and pragmatic use in clinical environments, PCL scaffolds can provide unique and effective strategies to improve patient outcomes in allograft treatment.
2024-08-16 | An Atypical Presentation of a Unicameral Bone Cyst in the Left Humerus: A Case Report.
Simple bone cysts (SBCs) are the most common osteolytic lesions in children, often leading to pathological fractures of non-weight-bearing bones. These benign tumors primarily arise in the proximal humerus, femur, or calcaneus. The cystic cavity is filled with serous or serosanguineous fluid and lined by a thin fibrovascular connective tissue membrane. The etiological factors include disturbances in bone growth, local venous obstruction, synovial origin disorders, and genetic predispositions. SBCs are most frequently observed in individuals from birth to 20 years of age. The report presented a case of a 12-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with a history of a mass on his left upper arm. The mass had an acute onset and gradually progressed to its current size over three to four weeks, after which it became nonprogressive. The patient had been healthy until the age of four, after which he experienced frequent fractures of the left arm following trivial trauma. Multiple traumas led to the gradual formation of a diffuse mass over the upper part of the humerus. Radiological imaging modalities, such as X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging, are crucial in diagnosing bone cysts and evaluating their clinical conditions. Treatment can involve the injection of bone marrow or steroids into the cyst to facilitate the healing process.
2019-11-08 | Mandibular ascending branch and condyle reconstruction in adolescence by a costochondral rib graft with an observation period over 8 years
Introduction: The need to resect and reconstruct the condylar process of the mandible in a teenager is rare. Reconstruction strategy must be accurately assessed in terms of donor side morbidity, postoperative risks (ankylosis) and the possibility of sufficient development in a growing patient. Observation: A 14-year-old boy presented with the radiographic finding of a large cystic lesion of the right condylar process. There were no clinical symptoms as pain, a limitation of mouth opening or malocclusion. Pathohistological examination confirmed a solitary bony cyst. The resected ascending jaw and condylar process was reconstructed by a costochondral rib graft. Commentaries: Over 8 years the development of the reconstructed ascending jaw and condyle was observed. There was an undisturbed growth. The cartilaginous part of the costochondral graft remodeled to a sufficient condylar process without ankylosis, resorption or overgrowth. Conclusion: The reconstruction of the growing mandible and condylar process in an adolescent is a challenge. Observation over 8 years showed a sufficient reconstruction. Intraoperative the chondral portion of the graft has to be handled carefully to avoid a separating from the bony part. The growth potential of the costochondral rib transplant allows a functional reconstruction without substantial donor side morbidity in adolescent patients.
2019-10-04 | Surgical treatment of solitary bone cysts in children using alloimplants
One of the traditional methods for treating solitary bone cysts (CCMs) is edge resection and defect replacement with bone or ceramic implants. Materials based on allogeneic bone after various types of processing that combine optimal properties for osteoregeneration may be promising.Objective: to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of children with CCMs using bone alloimplants for plastic surgery of post-resection defects.Methods: the results of examination and treatment of 11 patients (8 boys, 3 girls, age from 5 to 16 years) were analyzed. The diagnosis was established on the basis of the totality of the clinical manifestations of the disease, data from laboratory tests, X-ray and pathomorphological studies. The distribution according to the localization of the pathological focus: the proximal femur — 6 (54.5 %), the humerus — 2 (18.2 %), the heel — 2 (18.2 %), pubic — 1 (9.1 %). Indications for surgical treatment: the presence of a massive lesion of bone tissue in the loaded area, a high risk of pathological fracture, a pronounced longterm pain syndrome. All patients underwent regional resection and chemical processing of CCMs; defects were filled with osteoplastic material. Results: according to x-ray, bone remodeling in the surgical area occurred in 6–12 months. after operation. After 12–18 months the bone structure of the patients was corresponded to normal without or with plastic residues. Infectious complications, recurrences of the pathological process and repeated fractures were not observed, pain was absent, motor activity was restored.Conclusions: the studied osteoplastic material of allogeneic origin can be recommended for use in the surgical treatment scheme for CCMs in children for plastic surgery of post-resection defects to restore bone structure.
2019-01-21 | Free non‑vascularized fibular graft reconstruction after resection of metacarpal unicameral bone cyst: A case report
Unicameral bone cyst (UBC) or simple bone cyst (SBC) is a benign cystic lesion commonly found in the humerus and femur that is mainly encountered during childhood. The currently available treatments for UBC of the hand commonly involve curettage, bone grafting, partial resection with or without grafting, multiple drilling, fracture immobilization and observation alone, and steroid injection. We herein report a case treated with total resection of the cyst and non‑vascularized fibular graft in a 9‑year‑old right‑handed female patient. The patient presented with a chief complaint of a large, fast growing lump over the first metacarpal of the left hand. Flexion of the first metacarpophalangeal joint was limited. After the diagnosis was established with plain radiographs followed by biopsy, the cyst was completely removed by resecting the shaft of the metacarpal bone with preservation of the epiphyseal plate. A bone graft was obtained from the fibula and inserted in the gap, distally attached to the epiphyseal plate of the metacarpal and fixed with a Kirshner wire proximally. Radiographs revealed solid union of the bone graft to the epiphyseal plate at the head after 7 weeks, with improving function of the thumb. SBC or UBC of the metacarpal bone is very rare. A more aggressive method, such as in the case presented herein, may be necessary to treat this condition.
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Drug Discovery Landscape
2 orphan drug designations for Solitary bone cyst.
2 orphan drug designations for Solitary bone cyst.
Drug | Therapy type | Regulator | Orphan designation | Approval | Sponsor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fibrin-based agent containing a N-terminally modified parathyroid hormone fragment TGplPTH1-34 | peptides | FDA | 2007-02-01 | — | Kuros Biosurgery AG |
Parathyroid hormone (1-34) transglutaminase fusion protein fibrin matrix complex | proteins | EMA | 2006-04-11 | — | Kuros Biosurgery International AG |
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